• Historical Documents
• Other Resources

Historical Documents

• “When Does it Pay to Plant Bt Corn? Farm-Level Economic Impacts of Bt Corn, 1996-2001,” report by Dr. Benbrook
• Research committee report from 1998, “Bt Corn and European Corn Borer: Long-Term Success Through Resistance Management”
• “Insecticidal toxin in root exudates from Bt corn,” Nature, 1999
• “Yield Comparisons of Bt and Non-Bt Corn Hybrids in Missouri in 1999,” Integrated Pest and Crop Management Newsletter, 1999
• Anthony Shelton from Cornell University Dept. of Entomology, “Comments on Recent Reports Involving Plants Engineered to Protect Them from Insect Attack,” 1999
• “The Economics of Bt Corn: Adoption Implications,” Purdue University Cooperative Extension, 1999
• Organic Materials Review Institute’s (OMRI’s) Brian Baker 1999 presentation to the National Academy of Sciences, “Genetically Modified Pest Protected Plants and Organic Agriculture”
• “Inheritance of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin (Dipel ES) in the European Corn Borer,” Science, 1999
• Pro-active Monitoring presentation at EPA/USDA Workshop on Bt Crop Resistance Management, 1999
• “Baby Steps: Conditions Imposed for Crop Year 2000 on Farmers Planting Bt-Transgenic Corn for ECB Control,” Dr. Benbrook Technical Paper
• Comments on behalf of the Institute for Agricultural Trade Policy, the Science and Environmental Health Network, and Consumers Union on Monsanto’s Experimental Use Permit application for CryBb corn, 2000
• EPA “Assessment of Scientific Information Concerning StarLink Corn Cry9C BT Corn Plant-Pesticide,” Federal Register, 2000
• Technical Paper by Dr. Benbrook on GE traits in midwestern corn and soybeans in 2000
• “Prescriptive Use of Transgenic Hybrids for Corn Rootworms: An Ominous Cloud on the Horizon?,” Michael Gray, 2000
• 2001 Comments to the EPA from the Union of Concerned Scientists on the renewal of Bt-crop registrations
• “GMO Issues Facing Indiana Farmers in 2001,” Purdue Pest Management and Crop Production Newsletter
• “Identification of a Gene Associated with Bt Resistance in Heliothis virescens,” Science, 2001
• Karen Oberhauser (University of Minnesota) comments to EPA on reassessment of time-limited registrations for Bt plant-pesticides, 2001
• “Premium Paid for Bt Corn Seed Improves Corporate Finances While Eroding Grower Profits,” white paper by Dr. Benbrook, 2002

Other Resources

• Jonathan R. Latham, Madeleine Love, & Angelika Hilbeck, “The distinct properties of natural and GM cry insecticidal proteins,” Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews, 33:1, 2017.
• Zdziarski, I.M., Carman, J.A. and Edwards, J.W., “Histopathological Investigation of the Stomach of Rats Fed a 60% Genetically Modified Corn Diet,” Food and Nutrition Sciences, 9, 2018.
• Carman, J. A., Vlieger, H. R., Ver Steegd, L. J., Sneller, V. E., Robinson, G. W., Clinch-Jones, C. A., Haynes, Julie, Edwards, John, “A long-term toxicology study on pigs fed a combined genetically modified (GM) soy and GM maize diet,” Journal of Organic Systems, 2013.
• 2017 In the News post, “‘The Handy Bt Trait Table’ Highlights the Slippage of Bt Corn Efficacy”
• Hot Science post from 2016 “One More Bt Corn Trait Bites the Dust”
• 2009 Union of Concerned Scientists Report, “Failure to Yield: Evaluating the Performance of Genetically Engineered Crops”

Related Keywords:

• Bt
• Insect Resistance