Glossary Terms

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cholesterol

“Cholesterol” — a lipid used in the construction of cell membranes and as a precursor in the synthesis of steroid hormones. Dietary cholesterol is obtained from animal sources, but cholesterol is also synthesized by the liver. Cholesterol is carried in the blood by lipoproteins (e.g., LDL and HDL). In atherosclerosis, cholesterol accumulates in plaques on […]
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chelate

“Chelate” — the combination of a metal with an organic molecule to form a ring-like structure known as a chelate. Chelation of a metal may inhibit or enhance its bioavailability, alter metabolism, and lead to bioaccumulation in parts of the body.
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catalyst

“Catalyst” — a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy required, but which is left unchanged by the reaction.
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case-control study

“Case-control study” — a study in which the risk factors of people who have been diagnosed with a disease are compared with those without the disease. Because the risk factor (e.g., nutrient intake) is generally measured at the time of diagnosis, it is difficult to determine whether the risk factor was present prior to the […]
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carotenoids

“Carotenoids” – chemicals produced by higher plants that function to protect the plant from the oxygen-based free radicals produced during the absorption of light. Carotenoids also act as pigments to aid in light absorption. In our bodies, carotenoids function to protect our cells from free-radical damage. Several carotenoids enhance immune response, help prevent cancer and […]
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carotenoid

“Carotenoids” – chemicals produced by higher plants that function to protect the plant from the oxygen-based free radicals produced during the absorption of light. Carotenoids also act as pigments to aid in light absorption. In our bodies, carotenoids function to protect our cells from free-radical damage. Several carotenoids enhance immune response, help prevent cancer and […]